To get a generous and high-quality harvest of apples, you need to be prepared to fight pests and insects. And if you do not spray apple trees in a timely manner, then all your efforts during the year (care, watering, soil fertilization, pruning) will be useless. The article will give answers on how to properly spray an apple tree, which drugs to use are most effective.

When should you spray?

Many gardeners spray their gardens. But in order to achieve the desired result, you need to know when and how to carry it out. After all, a mistake will cost you the harvest. Care must begin in early spring and continue in the summer when pests are most active. When autumn comes and the harvest is over, it is also advisable to carry out spraying for prevention.

Gardeners, based on many years of observations and experience, have compiled a special calendar. With it, you can find out what processing should be carried out in a certain season of the year and in each month separately.

Spring

Summer

In summer, the main task is to feed the plant. Liquid fertilizers are mainly used, as they are easily absorbed by the foliage. And only in isolated cases spraying is used to control pests, more often insects are fought with the help of special methods, such as planting repellents, trapping belts.

Autumn

The main task of processing trees in the fall is to prevent all kinds of diseases. Often amateur gardeners complain that apples do not have time to ripen, as they begin to rot before their eyes. This disease is very common. Most diseases appear only during the fruiting period. However, it must be remembered that spraying during the ripening period of fruits in order to combat diseases is strictly prohibited. They return to this procedure as soon as the fruits are harvested. You will see and evaluate the results of spraying only next year.

Let's take a look at the most common and effective drugs, which are used for feeding and pest control.

Urea

One of the most widely used drugs. When using urea, remember that it is not used in its pure form, but must be diluted according to the instructions. Depending on the season, urea can be used for various purposes. In the spring, it should be used for prevention against overwintered pests that sleep in the bark of an apple tree and its trunk circles (it helps well in the fight against aphid eggs). If you want to get rid of harmful insects in the bark with urea, make the solution more concentrated. If you get rid of pests of the apple tree by spraying, try not to get the solution on the foliage and buds of the tree.

Also, this drug can be used for top dressing in summer period. Urea is rich in nitrogen, the lack of which significantly affects the yield. When foliar feeding, be careful with the amount of urea, large dosages can cause burns on the foliage.

If you have any doubts about the concentration of the prepared solution, do not rush to process the entire tree at once. Treat only a couple of branches to begin with and wait a few days to evaluate the result.

blue vitriol

This drug is used to prevent the following diseases: moniliosis, anthracnose, scab. Successfully used in the fight against harmful insects. To prevent fungal diseases, the apple tree should be treated with a solution based on it in early spring, before the buds open. Substance consumption: 0.1 kg of vitriol per 10 liters of water.

inkstone

Unlike copper sulphate, it is used not only to fight diseases and all kinds of pests, but also as a top dressing - it saturates the plant with iron. It is an important mineral for growth and abundant fruiting. If the soil is on your suburban area exhausted and lacking this element, then treatment with iron sulphate is most welcome. Spraying leads to stimulation of growth and promotes the formation of chlorophyll. For the greatest effect, treat both the plant itself and its trunk circle at the same time.

colloidal sulfur

Sulfur is effective against powdery mildew, scab and spider mites. Colloidal sulfur does not dissolve in water, but it mixes well, forming a suspension. The consumption of the substance is 100 g of sulfur per 10 liters of water. Experienced gardeners recommend soaking sulfur in water before use to make it easier to dilute it in the future. Sulfur is practically not poisonous to humans, but under the influence of sunlight it forms vapors that have a detrimental effect on pests and their larvae.

Technology

To process the garden, most gardeners now use pumps of various systems, from manual to electric, with compressors. Of course, the method using a bucket and a broom has not gone away, but its effectiveness is rather low.

Preparation

Use a pump nozzle that allows you to precisely spray the liquid. The smaller the drops, the better. With this treatment, you, first of all, economically consume the solution, and secondly, the entire surface will be treated evenly.

Before the procedure, be sure to check the operation of the pump, the length of the hose, whether it is enough to reach the highest branches. Install a ladder if necessary. If the length of the hose is short and you have not taken care of it in advance, then spraying the tree in parts will not achieve the desired effect.

Inspect the tree trunk and branches for moss and lichens. If they are found, carefully remove them with a brush. Now you can start preparing the solution. Remember, it should be homogeneous, without lumps. In the process of preparation, the active substance is mixed with water, trying to achieve a homogeneous mixture so that there is no separation. If it is poorly stirred, the plant will be treated unevenly - one side of it will receive only water, while the other, on the contrary, will receive a concentrated preparation. Such spraying will cause the death of the apple tree. In the process, do not forget to shake the prepared solution from time to time.

processing process

Spray the prepared spray solution evenly on the trunk, apple tree branches and leaves. Try to keep the distance between the tree and the pump tip at least 75-80 cm. Spray so that the solution also reaches the back of the foliage. After completion of spraying, immediately thoroughly rinse the entire apparatus under running cold water.

For the procedure, special tools and materials should be prepared. You will need: a piston pump or a special compressor, a respiratory mask (or a multi-layer gauze bandage that you can make yourself), rubber gloves, eye protection. It is also advisable to wear clothing that covers the body as much as possible so that the sprayed substances do not come into contact with your skin.

When spraying, be extremely careful, as the drugs used can adversely affect human health. After completing the procedure, wash your hands and face thoroughly with soap. Take the most common, since soap with aromatic additives contains a little "chemistry" in its composition. It is not worth the risk, because an interaction reaction can occur between the particles of chemistry from the soap and the remnants of the active substance. Rinse your mouth with plain water. Remember that spraying is best done in calm, calm weather and no longer than 6 hours in a row.

Knowing how and when to spray, you can easily do it yourself. Now the fight against pests and various diseases will become more effective, and your garden, thanks to proper care, will grow healthy and delight you with generous harvests of apples.

Video "Spring spraying of apple trees"

This video will show you when and how to spray apple trees in the spring.

plodovie.ru

Scheme of processing grapes with iron and copper sulfate

We fertilize grapes - treatment with iron sulphate

Ferrous sulfate in the agricultural industry is used both as an antifungal drug and as a fertilizer - inkstone rich in iron available to plants. So far, farmers have not come up with a more convenient and affordable means. You can determine the lack of iron for a plant with the naked eye - still young leaves turn white and fall off on the grape bushes, the shoots develop hardly half of their capabilities, and the clusters may not ripen even in good warm weather.

Thus, by spraying the plant, we achieve two effects at once - on the one hand, protection against diseases and pests, on the other hand, fertilizer of the roots. It should be noted that the very first top dressing should fall on the spring processing of grapes, until the buds have blossomed, spray the bush as thoroughly as possible.

If the young leaves are already showing off in the sun, spraying should be postponed - at this stage of development, you can harm the young shoots.

For still young plants or plants with thin bark, a 0.5% solution of iron sulfate should be prepared - 50 grams of fertilizer per 10 liters of water. For thicker-skinned plants, the amount of ferrous sulfate can be doubled. You can spray not only grapes, ferrous sulfate treatment is relevant for all trees and bushes in your garden.

The second treatment with iron sulphate should occur in late autumn, when the foliage has completely crumbled, after pruning the grapes. This time, the solution for young plants should be 3%, and for older plants - 5%: 300 and 500 grams of iron sulfate should be diluted in 10 liters of water. Iron vitriol tends to form a thin film and, after drying, slightly tighten the bark. Perhaps that is why some types of fungal spores are not able to develop. However, it is not the main drug for fighting fungal diseases. More often it is recommended in the fight against lichens and mosses.

Some experienced gardeners and growers use the feature of iron sulfate to create a film to protect plants from late frosts. Bushes treated in early spring simply bloom two weeks later than untreated ones. The processing of grape cuttings with iron sulphate also pursues this goal - in this case, callus and small roots have time to form on the lower sections, while the buds are still sleeping. This approach allows the plant to develop better.

In the photo - processing of grapes with copper sulphate, zaika.in.ua Photo of processing grape cuttings with iron sulphate, vinograd7.ru Photo of processing the garden with copper sulphate, dadacha.ru In the photo - grapes in need of processing with copper sulphate, vinogradna.ru In the photo - grapes in need processing, syl.ru

Bordeaux liquid - do-it-yourself cooking

But copper sulfate (copper sulfate) is quite effective precisely as an antifungal drug. True, against the background of modern drugs that can not only cauterize the disease, but also penetrate into the plant, treatment with copper sulphate remains relevant only in early spring, when the buds have not yet blossomed. In its pure form, a solution of copper sulfate is not used, since it can cause burns - the so-called Bordeaux liquid, a mixture of vitriol and lime milk, is prepared on its basis.

Most often, a 1% solution is prepared. Based on 100 liters of water, you will need 1 kg of copper sulfate and 1 kg of quicklime or one and a half slaked lime. You need two containers, since the correct preparation of the liquid involves first diluting the components in turn in water, and then combining them into one mixture. In order for copper sulfate to dissolve better, it can first be poured with several liters hot water, and then, when the crystals dissolve, add the missing amount of cold. In another container, lime is quenched or lime dough is dissolved. If you use hydrated lime, it is important that it does not come into contact with air for a long time - this is possible if the lime paste is under a small layer of water.

Immediately before spraying, a solution of copper sulphate, constantly stirring, is poured into a container with milk of lime, the main thing is not vice versa! In order for the solution to better adhere to plants and not volatilize when sprayed, 100 grams of sugar or soap can be added to 100 liters of solution. Homemade Bordeaux liquid is best used all at once. Do not add any other components (for example, other antifungal drugs) to the mixture. It is also impossible to dilute the liquid with water after both components are mixed.

Processing with copper sulphate - a scheme for processing grapes in spring and for winter

The first processing of grapes with copper sulphate occurs in early spring, when the buds are swollen, but have not yet blossomed. If the weather is dry and cool, it can be skipped by proceeding immediately to the second treatment just before the flowering of the grapes. The second processing is often referred to as backup. It is carried out, regardless of weather conditions, when the inflorescences are not yet covered with young leaves, which means that the liquid can get on all the branches and pedicels of future clusters.

The third treatment falls on the end of flowering. But it is not the last - then everything depends on the weather conditions. In wet weather, the plants are sprayed after the growth of new leaves (4-5 leaves), if the weather is dry, one spray for every 10 new leaves will be enough.. Processing grapes for the winter is necessary if the plant has been subjected to strong attacks of fungal diseases - this will be a kind of reserve for the spring. If the plant has been healthy enough for the whole season, the processing of grapes before winter is not relevant in this case.

In the photo - diseased grapes, 34374.info In the photo - grapes requiring treatment with copper sulfate, forum.prihoz.ru Photo of grapes before treatment with copper sulfate, zooclub.ru Photo of grapes after treatment with copper sulfate, liveinternet.ru In the photo - healthy grapes after treatment , posadisam.ru

nasotke.ru

Processing apple trees in spring

Experienced gardeners know that the struggle for a good harvest begins in early spring. This applies to any fruit bearing tree.

In this article, we will look at caring for an apple tree - the most common fruit tree.

How to spray apple trees in spring?

The first treatment is spraying of apple trees with ferrous vitriol, and the next one should be carried out with contact preparations of the Aktellik type, the third treatment is already carried out with systemic Aktara type, the fourth treatment with benzophosphate or karbofos. Next, we will take a closer look at the schedule for spraying apple trees against pests.

Apple tree: processing - spraying in spring

When to spray apple trees from pests?

The first treatment is carried out before bud break. Moss and damaged bark are removed from the tree, diseased branches are cut down, and then cuts and wounds on the apple tree are treated with copper sulphate.

  1. Protection of apple trees with copper sulfate is carried out in order to protect the tree from fungi and moss, as well as to neutralize pests that hibernate in the tree trunk.
  2. The next treatment of apple trees from pests in the spring is carried out after the appearance of buds, but before the appearance of leaves, a contact preparation of the type Actellik. This drug kills pests upon contact with them, and also promotes the penetration of substances poisonous to insects into food.
  3. The third treatment is carried out after the appearance of foliage, for this systemic preparations are used, for example Aktara. The following treatment is designed to combat the apple flower beetle. It is carried out during the appearance of buds, for this, benzophosphate or karbofos preparations are used. When the bud turns pink, it is advisable to treat the tree from the caterpillar with dendrobacillin or bitoxibacillin preparations.

We examined how and when to spray an apple tree in the spring, but in order for the tree to overwinter well, it is necessary to spray the apple trees in the fall.

How to spray apple trees in the fall?

So that pests and fungal diseases do not penetrate very deeply into the tree trunk, in the fall it is necessary to prepare the apple tree for wintering.

First you need to clean the trunk of lichen and damaged bark and branches, all removed parts must be burned. Then you need to prepare a solution for whitewashing wood - for 10 liters of water: 0.5 kilograms of copper sulfate and 2.5 kilograms of lime.

After all the leaves have fallen from the tree, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment against pests, for these purposes it is best to use iron sulfate, a solution of common salt or a solution of urea.

By paying attention to the trees in the fall, you will allow them to safely winter and also reduce the amount of work in the spring.

howtostore.com

How to treat apple trees from diseases and pests in spring

All fruit trees and berry bushes are subject to various diseases and pests. Both diseases and pests can cause severe damage to a tree and completely destroy it. The fight against disgusting insects should be carried out all year round. The main stage of the battle for the health of the tree falls on the spring. Spring processing of apple trees from pests and diseases takes place in several stages.

First stage.

After completing this procedure, the trunk of the apple tree should be cleaned of rot, scab and other damage. Further, all wounds of the tree, in order to avoid infection, must be treated with garden pitch or heated resin. After that, a layer of garden whitewash should be applied to the skeletal part of the apple tree trunk, which can protect the tree from the bright spring sun and destroy insects wintering in the apple tree trunk.

Garden whitewash to protect trees from pests - insects that have settled in the bark and new bugs who want to settle on permanent place residence

Second phase.

At this stage it starts spring processing of apple trees from pests. Spraying should begin before the first buds open. As a rule, this time falls at the end of April. Processing is more effective in quiet, calm weather. For the first spraying, it is more advisable to use a solution of copper or iron sulfate. A large number of various pests wintering in the buds of an apple tree die from this mixture. In addition to chemicals, you can use infusions onion peel(200 g per 10 liters of water), garlic (300 g per 10 liters of water) or tobacco dust (400 g per 10 liters of water), as well as a solution of laundry soap (400 g per 10 liters of water). In addition to processing the fruit tree itself, the soil around it should also be sprayed. As a rule, such spraying is carried out after sunset. This is done in order not to damage the tree, since many solutions and infusions are capable of causing burns when interacting with the sun.

Third stage.

The next spring treatment of apple trees from pests and diseases is carried out after flowering fruit trees. During this period, it is advisable to impose a hunting belt on each tree. You can make it yourself. This will require any wrapping paper, slag wool or burlap and a small amount of glue. The width of each belt must be at least 20 cm.

At the same time, apple trees should be sprayed with substances such as Marshal, Nurelld, Neoron. These substances are strong enough and can cope with almost all insects. If there are not many pests in the garden and careful processing of trees is not required, then lighter means can be used. These drugs include "Fitoferm", "Barrier" and "Aktofit".

Nurell-D is used to destroy a complex of openly living gnawing and sucking insects at all stages of their development.

During the flowering of apple trees, it is not recommended to treat them with any chemical preparations. This can harm insects that do such a complex and necessary job as pollination. If necessary, spraying apple trees can be continued in the summer, but this should be done with gentle means and with great care.

sad-vreditel.ru

How to treat apple trees from lichen?

natla

An apple tree from a lichen can be treated with a solution (strong, and not as advised on the package) of copper sulfate, you first need to remove the lichen from the apple tree, for example, with metal brushes. Particularly affected areas should be removed along with the bark. After processing with copper sulfate, cover with garden pitch, and already on top you can wrap it with polyethylene or something else.

Lorelei

Apple trees, damaged areas can be treated with a 10-15% solution of iron sulfate.

They are also treated with a warm solution of lye, which is prepared from 4-6 kg of wood ash per 10 liters of water, for a better effect, 400 grams of households are added. soap and 50 grams of turpentine.

Valentina MD

The lichen is scraped off the trunks and branches with wooden scrapers, the reverse side of the saw can be adapted for this purpose, after that the trunk and branches are treated with a 5% solution of ferrous sulfate, 500 grams are placed per 10 liters. In late autumn, whitewash the trees, use either ready-made whitewash from the store, or cook according to the recipe: for 10 liters of water, 2 kg of freshly slaked lime and 150 grams of copper sulfate.

Iron vitriol: a description of the substance

Sulfur-oxidized ferrous iron or, colloquially, ferrous sulfate is a fairly aggressive fungicide for late autumn site treatment, used in horticulture for the total extermination of phytopathogens that pose an objective threat to the next year's crop. The substance "eats" most types of herbivorous fungi, showing much less efficiency in relation to bacterial infections of the soil and fruit-bearing trees.

The tool can not be used on the green, because the drug is very phytotoxic. Processing with iron sulphate is done only in early spring or late autumn (after harvesting and leaf fall in the garden). Spraying shrubs and trees in the spring before the buds swell inhibits the awakening of the vegetation cycle. The working solution is moderately hazardous to humans (class 3). The maximum permissible concentration is 6%, the minimum is not less than 1%. It is used strictly in the garden:

  • For the treatment of fruit-bearing trees from clasterosporiasis, coccomycosis, scab, fruit rot;
  • From oidium and anthracnose, iron sulfate is mainly used for grapes;
  • For the prevention of late blight of tomatoes (watering beds for wintering);
  • Fertilizing with ferrous sulfate also works effectively against powdery mildew.

How the drug works

Destructive mechanism - contact action on the pathogen. Therefore, it is important to carefully process each bush / tree, spraying the garden with iron sulfate. The substance kills the fungus with a low acid reaction, acting up to 14 days in a row, after which it is almost completely neutralized. Acid "eats" all organics in a row, so spraying the drug on greenery (or swelling buds) is prohibited. It is advisable to use the substance only in the fall, replacing it with copper sulphate for spring use.

How to use iron sulphate

A solution for spraying a garden (soil) is prepared from crystallized salt, adhering to the recommended working concentration of 1-6% (no higher and no lower). Approximately 0.5 st. tablespoons of salt per 1 liter. water - an approximate dosage to obtain a 2% working substrate. Stone fruits (plums, cherries, etc.) are sprayed with 3% iron sulphate, pome fruits - 3-5%.

To treat cellars from mold, as well as spraying soils (mosses, stumps, lichens on crowns), a 6% dilution of the drug is used. The solution for work is prepared immediately before spraying. Be sure to use goggles (mask) and gloves, respiratory protection. The frequency of use of the drug - no more than 1 time per year. The tool can not be used in home floriculture.

Ferrous sulfate, or ferrous sulfate, is produced by our industry in the form of a beautiful bluish-green crystalline powder. The active substance is about 53% in it. It is popularly known as iron vitriol. The use in horticulture of this drug is very diverse and deserves detailed consideration.

When is iron sulfate required?

Gardeners and gardeners traditionally use ferrous sulfate in their farms:

For processing the walls of basements and vegetable stores;
- to get rid of house fungus;
- for healing hollows and wounds on trees;

For spring and autumn;
- for processing horticultural crops against lichens, and other similar ailments;
- for treatment;
- for preventive treatment;
- to combat harmful insects;
- as a fertilizer.

Solutions and concentrations

For the treatment of wounds on trees and disinfection of hollows, 100 grams of vitriol is diluted in one liter of water. The same proportions are used for whitewashing trunks.

To eliminate the black spot that appears on roses, they are sprayed with a solution of iron sulfate at a concentration of 0.3%. But for the prevention of pome crops, it is black cancer, septoria and scab, a five percent solution is already used. Treatment against lichens, moss and gray mold requires the use of 30 g of the substance per liter of clean water. For the treatment of raspberry or currant bushes, a little less is required - 25 g per liter.

Spraying against pests is carried out twice. During the growing season, only a one percent solution of vitriol can be used, and when the leaves have already fallen off, a five percent solution.

In viticulture, vitriol is used against spotted necrosis, bacterial cancer, anthracnose and other diseases. The vines are treated with a five percent solution, both in spring and late autumn. The next treatment is done with the same composition, but after 14 days. A higher concentration can seriously burn leaves and green shoots.

To destroy the house fungus, dilute 1.5 kg of ferrous sulfate in a bucket of water. The walls of basements and vegetable stores are whitewashed with a solution prepared at the rate of 60 grams of the drug per liter of water.

Pest extermination

Ferrous sulfate is quite effectively used in gardening as an insecticide, which allows you to destroy not only the insects themselves and the larvae, but even their eggs. For example, with careful processing of trees, from 30 to 50% of the eggs of the apple sucker die - worst enemy many fruit trees. They spray the plants in the spring, while the buds have not yet blossomed, capturing not only the branches and trunks, but also the soil of the trunk circles.

It is very important to correctly determine not only the concentration, but also the timing of treatment with iron sulphate. IN middle lane spraying usually starts in mid-April - from the 10th to the 20th. At this time, up to half of all laid eggs die.

If the treatment is carried out earlier, there is only a risk of wasting time in vain - the insects will not wake up yet and will not have time to lay their eggs. And iron sulfate cannot destroy wintering pests. Later use of the drug can harm both the tree itself and the future crop.

But these terms are not a dogma. The thinking gardener does not look at calendar numbers, but carefully observes the spring awakening of plants. If the winter drags on, spraying is postponed to the end of April. But when the buds begin to bloom earlier than usual, and frost is no longer expected, then you can do prevention at the beginning of the month.

Applying ferrous sulfate is not difficult. But it should be borne in mind that he will never give a 100% guarantee of the destruction of pests. Therefore, there is no need to abandon other, stronger, specialized means of insect control.

Use as a fertilizer

But iron sulfate is not only a popular insecticidal and fungicidal agent, but also a good fertilizer. The iron included in it is in a soluble form, and therefore easily accessible to plants. Without it, no cultures can exist normally - the leaves turn yellow, the shoots of trees die off, the color of flowers deteriorates.

Fruit trees especially suffer from a lack of this microelement: apple, cherry, plum. It is an integral part of oxidative enzymes and plays an important role in the respiratory system. leaf chlorosis, slow growth new shoots, underdevelopment of fruits - all this, as a rule, is the result of a lack of iron.

As a fertilizer, iron sulfate is used in gardening for tomatoes, all types of cabbage. In a glass or plastic container, dissolve from 5 to 10 g of the drug and add the volume of liquid to 10 liters. But it should be remembered that in no case should this substance be mixed with lime - it is better to take soft water for the solution. Contacting with calcium, iron forms insoluble compounds, becoming unavailable to plants.

Ferrous sulfate can be applied for digging together with: 100 grams of vitriol for every 10 kg of organic matter. Experienced gardeners have long learned how to get iron chelate from ferrous sulfate - a highly effective and relatively expensive fertilizer. To do this, first dilute a couple of tablespoons of citric acid in a 10-liter bucket of water. After complete dissolution, ferrous sulfate is added there - no more than one tablespoon.

Precautionary measures

Unlike, iron sulfate is not such a toxic substance. But when working with it, it is still better to be careful: make sure that the drugs do not get into the eyes, store them separately from food and use only non-food utensils for this. If solutions, especially highly concentrated ones, are spilled on the skin, they must be washed off with plenty of water as soon as possible.

To increase the yield of vegetables and fruit trees, gardeners have to regularly deal with pests and various diseases both in spring and autumn. Many use industrial chemicals that are harmful to human body, but there are many safe and proven methods by our grandfathers, because before there was no chemicals. For example, iron sulfate. Its use is quite effective, and it is not at all harmful. Ease of use gives it another plus. Is excellent. Application in horticulture is based on unique properties in the fight against bacteria, fungi, viruses and other sores of trees and bushes, which are not inferior to the properties of chemicals.

Ferrous sulphate, as well as ferrous sulfate, are all different names for ordinary vitriol. It is a salt of sulfuric acid. Appearance– crystals blue color with a slight greenish tint. Not to be confused with blue vitriol - it has large blue crystals. It is highly soluble in water. Applications are diverse: chemical industry, metallurgy, energy, fungicide, reducing agent. The melting point reaches 400 degrees.

The chemical formula is Fe2SO4 x nH2O.

Quality standard: GOST 6981-94.


Iron sulphate in agriculture is mainly used for soil reclamation, in the fight against pests and various diseases of trees and bushes, as a fertilizer (it is an excellent catalyst for the formation of chlorophyll). In addition, it is used in the manufacture of building materials, in the production of batteries and many other industries.

Ferrous sulfate, although not combustible, is explosive. When working with it, safety precautions must be observed.

Thanks to excellent restorative properties, makes it possible to refine gold. This is the process of obtaining high-grade gold and other non-ferrous metals. Simply put, it helps to cleanse them of various impurities. This refining method can be carried out independently at home.


What is it used for in gardening?

Vitriol in horticulture is the most versatile fertilizer that can effectively restore old trees and increase yields, fight various harmful insects and diseases of plants and trees. Perhaps there is not a single nasty thing that he could not cope with. It is considered a popular remedy among gardeners with extensive experience, but it is not used by beginners and amateurs, they prefer industrial chemicals. However, ferrous sulfate still remains the most affordable and proven remedy. This is one of the fertilizers that can give any plant iron in the most accessible form. In particular, iron is necessary for the root system to improve respiratory function. Especially old trees need such top dressing.

It is necessary to carefully nourish the soil with the help of vitriol. Dig up its crystals along with compost during the autumn digging. During the winter, the soil will be saturated with iron and will be able to give it to plants. Frequent lack of it occurs in bushes, and roses are highly dependent on the amount of iron in the soil. They require careful care and more than other plants need this element. Iron sulphate is a great helper in the garden. They can be easily used at home.


Vitriol crystals contain about 50% iron trace elements. Currants and gooseberries simply cannot develop properly without this fertilizer. It has excellent fungicidal properties and is an assistant in the fight against plant diseases, as well as processing grapes with this solution will save it from many diseases.

Iron vitriol, unlike copper, has a wider spectrum of action and is less toxic to humans. This element fights against harmful insects, eliminates fungal diseases, scab, lichens and other diseases. It can treat cuts and wounds of trees, and is widely used as a fertilizer. Sold as a crystalline powder with an unlimited shelf life without losing its useful properties. It must be stored in a dry place.

Application methods

With the correct use of iron sulfate at home, fruiting is significantly increased, pest control becomes more effective. Despite its availability and low cost, it is an indispensable tool for gardeners. After its application, scab damage decreases, fruit rot, leaf spot and raspberry bushes, anthracnose of currant bushes disappear, rust completely disappears. With regular use, the affected tree bark becomes smooth, and the pale leaves are saturated with a natural green color. Processing should be done both in spring and autumn.


Instruction

  1. During autumn and spring digging, apply the mixture along with compost to the soil. 1 kg of this fertilizer per 100 kg of compost. This will help enrich the soil with iron, which is necessary for the respiration of the root system of plants. All fruit and berry trees need it.
  2. To disinfect wounds on trees and shrubs, you need a special solution. Iron crystals (100 grams) diluted in 1 liter of water. Treat all damage with this mixture. This solution is also suitable for whitewashing trees in the autumn. It is advisable to do this from mid-October to mid-November. This type of autumn processing will prevent the development of fungal diseases.
  3. From scab and black crayfish, a 7-8% solution is used. Take an eight-liter bucket of water and dilute 600 grams of vitriol in it. Trees are carefully sprayed with this solution. This procedure is carried out in the fall after harvest. In early spring, until the buds have blossomed, make 1 treatment with a 1% solution.
  4. For the usual treatment of shrubs, it is necessary to dilute 250 grams of vitriol in 10 liters of water and spray the plants. To combat the apple sucker, you need a 3% solution.
  5. Small islands of moss are harbingers of lichen. Such sores are treated with a mixture of 5% vitriol and ash extract. It is necessary to coat the trunks with this in the fall, when all the leaves have fallen. This method is considered the best for lichen and moss.


Cellars and basements can also be treated with vitriol solutions. Treating the walls with a weak solution will get rid of unpleasant odors and mildew.

Not to be confused with blue vitriol! It is strictly forbidden to mix iron crystals with slaked lime. Treatment with such a solution can lead to disease and further death of fruit and berry plants and grapes.

Application in viticulture


Autumn processing should be carried out regularly. Doing this is easy. Again, vitriol will help with this. It disinfects branches, kills fungus and mold, destroys other harmful insects. This procedure is carried out in late autumn after full leaf fall. 500 grams of iron powder is stirred until completely dissolved in water. Next, carefully spray each trunk of grapes.

When spraying, wear protective gloves and a mask - this will help protect your skin from unwanted contact with the solution. Although vitriol is not very harmful to humans, protection of the skin and respiratory tract is still necessary. This treatment is especially important if the garden is not young. Old trees and shrubs require more careful care, because over a long period of time a huge number of diseases could accumulate, the soil was depleted. Processing will help get rid of lichens, cytosporosis, moss, black cancer and tree scab.


To improve the quality of whitewash, add a little sulfate to the solution - this will be an excellent remedy for fungal diseases of grapes. Spring treatment with a weak solution will be a good prevention of iron deficiency. With regular and proper processing, all your grape bushes will acquire a beautiful and smooth bark, it will become more elastic. Already next spring the leaves will acquire a healthy color and become much larger in size. Accordingly, more shoots will grow, the yield will increase. The clusters will become larger, and the berries will look beautiful.

Precautionary measures

Iron powder is diluted only with water. To do this, you can only use containers made of plastic or glass. Under no circumstances should metal utensils be used. When working with powder and solution, safety precautions must be observed. Be sure to wear a respirator and rubber gloves. If the substance comes into contact with the skin, it should be washed with plenty of water. Although the powder is safe for humans, do not neglect protective equipment.

Ferrous sulfate is a universal fertilizer that contains up to 47-53% of iron trace elements in a form available to plants.

A crystalline powder of a beautiful greenish tint, known to most of us as iron sulfate, has been used in gardening for many years. No less popular is his "brother" blue vitriol, which has a characteristic bluish tint. What properties the powder has, and what effect it can have on plants, we will consider in this article.

Copper and iron sulphate: what is the difference

Iron and copper sulfate have a different composition of trace elements and therefore are able to have different effects on the vegetative process of plants.

Without iron sulfate, many berries simply cannot exist, for example: currants and gooseberries. Iron vitriol is also a fungicidal agent with which you can successfully fight fungal diseases of plants, as well as their mold and rot damage.


Copper sulphate or copper sulphate are blue-colored crystals that contain up to 24% copper.

Copper sulphate is used in the garden to feed plants on sandy and peaty soil types, which are poor in mobile forms of copper. Plums, pears, apple trees are more sensitive to a lack of copper. It also has disinfectant properties. It is indispensable in the fight against plant diseases such as moniliosis and bacteriosis, late blight and scab.

If we compare these two means, then iron sulphate is able to provide a wider spectrum of action. In addition, it is less toxic.

Owners of suburban areas with the help of iron sulfate solve several problems at once:

  • pest control;
  • getting rid of spores of house fungus;
  • processing of horticultural crops from scab, lichen and other diseases;
  • treatment of cuts and wounds on trees;
  • vitriol is used as a disinfectant to eliminate unpleasant odors from cesspools;
  • as a fertilizer.


Iron sulphate is a necessary element, with insufficient intake of which, premature yellowing of the foliage occurs.

The use of iron sulfate in horticulture leads to an improvement in the condition of the bark on trees. After treatment with a solution, the bark on the tree becomes soft and elastic. And thanks to its ability to influence the formation of chlorophyll, the foliage after processing becomes saturated dark shade.

Solutions and concentrations of the drug

Iron vitriol comes in the form of a crystalline powder, which has an unlimited duration. Store it in a clean and dry place. To prepare the drug, the powder is diluted in water, the concentration depends on its purpose. But most often a solution with a strength of 5-8% is used.

Important! Regardless of the concentration of the finished composition, the crystalline powder should be diluted with water only in a plastic or glass, but not a metal container. When working with the powder, it is important to follow safety rules and in case of contact with exposed skin or eyes, rinse with water.

For the treatment of cuts of wounds on trees and the disinfection of hollows, 100 g of the powder is diluted in one liter of water.


This proportion can also be used in the manufacture of a composition for whitewashing trunks.

To get rid of gray mold, lichens and moss, a less concentrated solution is required, prepared from 30 g of powder per liter of water. A solution of this concentration can also be used in the treatment of currant or raspberry bushes. It is also effective in the fight against black spot of roses.

Options for using iron sulfate in horticulture

Pest extermination

Work is carried out until the moment of bud break. The optimal period is considered to be during the first half of April, since up to half of all eggs laid can die at this time. Earlier treatment will not give the desired effect - insects simply do not have time to lay eggs, and later use of the drug can harm the future crop.

Disease prevention

Lichens and mosses that appear on the trunks of fruit trees can be eliminated by treating them with a composition based on a 5% solution of ferrous sulfate with the addition of an ash extract. The treatment of the affected areas is carried out by spraying or smearing in the period after the foliage has fallen.

Experienced gardeners use iron sulfate in viticulture. Processing grapes by spraying, they successfully fight against diseases such as spotted necrosis, mildew, cushion, anthracnose, oidium, bacterial cancer. To do this, they use a 5% composition, which is sprayed onto vines with buds that have not yet blossomed. Re-treatment is carried out after 10-15 days.

As a fertilizer

Iron vitriol is widely used in horticulture as a microfertilizer. After all, it acts as an integral part of oxidative enzymes, while playing an important role in the respiratory system. The consequence of iron deficiency is the slow growth and death of young shoots, yellowing of foliage, deterioration in the color of flowers, and underdevelopment of fruits.


Vegetable and fruit crops are fed by spraying or sprinkling.

Important: the finished composition should not be applied to green foliage, otherwise it will leave burns on it. Spraying is carried out before bud break in early spring or when the trees shed their foliage.

Early spring spraying is carried out in two stages, maintaining an interval of two weeks, irrigating tree branches with a 1-3% solution. After the leaves fall, a more concentrated 5% composition can be used.

In addition to the processing of crops in the spring and autumn periods, fertilizer can be applied together with composting in a ratio of 1:100. The finished mixture is applied when digging tree trunks in autumn or spring.

Applying iron sulfate is not difficult, but it does not give a 100% guarantee of achieving results. Therefore, it is desirable to combine it with other means of combating diseases and pests.